{"id":25491,"date":"2019-10-23T16:53:02","date_gmt":"2019-10-23T08:53:02","guid":{"rendered":"\/blog\/?p=25491"},"modified":"2022-10-11T14:57:28","modified_gmt":"2022-10-11T06:57:28","slug":"alternating-current-ac-vs-direct-current-dc-the-guide-for-you","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.seeedstudio.com\/blog\/2019\/10\/23\/alternating-current-ac-vs-direct-current-dc-the-guide-for-you\/","title":{"rendered":"Alternating Current (AC) vs Direct Current (DC), the guide for you"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Ever wondered what currents are running through your wires? This guide will walk you through the two kinds of current electricity: Alternating Current (AC) and Direct Current (DC).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>In this guide, I&#8217;ll be covering the essentials ranging from:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>What are AC and DC<\/li><li>Differences between AC and DC<\/li><li>Advantages &amp; Disadvantages of AC and DC<\/li><li>Why are there AC and DC<\/li><li>Converting AC to DC<\/li><li>Whether to use AC or DC<\/li><li>Applications of AC and DC<\/li><li>Why do we need to monitor AC and DC<\/li><li>Coupling with AC and DC<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>AC vs DC<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Alternating Current (AC)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A form of current that changes direction periodically, oscillating back and forth<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Direct Current (DC)<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A form of current that only flows in one direction, providing a constant voltage\/current <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are the differences?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><\/td><td><strong>AC<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>DC<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Waveformproduced<\/td><td>Most commonly produces sine waves<\/td><td>Constant voltage\/current tends to produce horizontal waveforms<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Generated by<\/td><td>Alternator, an electrical generator designed to produce AC<\/td><td>Commutator<br><br>Rectifier, converts AC to DC<br><br>Batteries, through generation from an internal chemical reaction<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Suitability for long-distance transmission<\/td><td>Suitable, transmission loss is small<\/td><td>Less suitable, transmission loss is bigger unless it\u2019s high enough in voltage<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Usages<\/td><td>Less suitable for electronic products unless power is switched into DC through a rectifier<\/td><td>Suitable for electronic products<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Safety Level<\/td><td>Lower safety level<br><br>Alternating voltages can cause current to enter the human body without a closed loop<\/td><td>Higher safety level<br><br>Commonly found DC currents in electrical appliances tend to be safer<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Advantages&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>AC<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Less power loss at high voltages<\/li><li>Easy to transform\u00a0<\/li><li>Easier and cheaper to convert to DC<\/li><li>Easy to shut down while power is flowing<\/li><li>No need to worry about positive and negative voltage<\/li><li>Generation, repair, and maintenance are cheaper<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>DC<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>No advance\/delay in circuit<\/li><li>No reactive power generated<\/li><li>Can store electricity<\/li><li>Requires less conductor and insulation material<\/li><li>Lower resistance&nbsp;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Disadvantages<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>AC<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Requires higher voltage than the target voltage<\/li><li>Affected by coils and capacitors<\/li><li>Not suitable for ultra-long-distance transmission<\/li><li>More dangerous at high voltages<\/li><li>More complicated construction<\/li><li>Continuous power loss in transmission line<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>DC<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Difficult current interruption<\/li><li>Difficult voltage conversion<\/li><li>Strong electrolytic effect\u00a0<\/li><li>Electric power cannot be generated at high voltage due to commutation problems<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Why are there AC and DC<\/strong>?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Currently, AC dominates the electrical market, but that does not mean it is better per se compared to DC. DC is also very important in our everyday lives. Looking at the definitions, differences, advantages, and disadvantages, we can understand more about why we need both AC and DC to feed our electrical needs in this world.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To put it in simpler terms, the laptop that you are using to read this article right now requires both AC and DC. The nozzle part of ur charger delivered DC to your laptop, but it receives that charge from the AC plug on ur wall. The big block that is in the middle of the nozzle and power socket is the converter that transforms AC to DC, which will be explained more in the following point.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Converting AC to DC?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Although AC and DC operate differently, they need not be operating as a standalone circuit due to the availability of an AC-DC converter. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The converter is called a rectifier, where it transforms AC input into DC output by reversing the directional flow of current.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>AC vs DC, which should you use?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Long Distance Power Transmission:<\/strong><br><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>AC<\/strong>: The ability to ramp up voltages through transformers results in lesser resistance in the wires which can provide efficient transmission of long-distance power<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DC<\/strong>: High difficulty and cost to efficiently create high-voltage DC<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fdf590;color:#000000\"><strong>Winner: AC, the one that does the job if you\u2019re looking to transmit power over a long distance<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ease of Usage\/Simplicity:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>AC<\/strong>: Simple to operate through the usage of wires and transformers for voltage adjustments <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DC<\/strong>: Unable to conveniently convert voltages due to requiring complicated circuits <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fdf590;color:#000000\"><strong>Winner: AC, the convenience and flexibility that it\u2019s able to bring unravels its opposition.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Compatibility with electronics:<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>AC<\/strong>: Less compatible with electronics due to the directional changes of current<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DC<\/strong>: More compatible with electronics as current flows reliably in one direction<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fdf590;color:#000000\"><strong>Winner: DC, the solution to power your electronics.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Applications of AC and DC<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">AC<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:33% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"226\" height=\"243\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.seeedstudio.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/edited-AC.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-25496 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-background has-medium-font-size\" style=\"background-color:#fdf7f7;color:#0a0a0a\"><strong>Delivers power to:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Houses, Offices, Electric Motors, Generators<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:10px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ https:\/\/extremelowenergy.com\/electricity-ac-dc-made-simple\/\">Lauren. (2017, July 17). AC and DC electricity made simple. <\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>DC<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:33% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"224\" height=\"240\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.seeedstudio.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/edited-DC.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-25499 size-full\"\/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-background has-medium-font-size\" style=\"background-color:#fdf7f7;color:#000000\"><strong>Delivers power to:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Electrical Appliances; Cell Phones, TV, electric vehicles, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:10px\"><a href=\"http:\/\/%20https\/\/extremelowenergy.com\/electricity-ac-dc-made-simple\/\">Lauren. (2017, July 17). AC and DC electricity made simple. \ufeff<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Why do we need to monitor AC and DC?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Indicate overcurrent alarm conditions (turn off equipment before overloads)<\/li><li>Determine load characteristics by monitoring the sourced current<\/li><li>Monitor a phase of power for debugging, data logging, or both<\/li><li>Predict the lifetime for equipment due to resistance changing over time<\/li><li>Measure current in AC power circuit<\/li><li>Notify personnel and control center in the event of an equipment jam (low current)<\/li><li>Monitor battery charging for DC<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Coupling: AC and DC<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>AC and DC can also be referred to as Alternating (Capacitive) Coupling and Direct Coupling. Coupling allows you to observe the voltages and wavelengths of the power supply. Each form of coupling will result in differing results in data when plugged into an oscilloscope.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">AC Coupling vs DC Coupling <\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><th>AC Coupling<\/th><th>DC Coupling<\/th><\/tr><tr><td>Only show and allow AC signals to pass through a connection<\/td><td>Allows for both AC and DC signals to pass through a connection<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Suitable for the following sensors:<br>&#8211; ICP Microphones<br>&#8211; ICP Accelerometers<br>&#8211; Strain Gauges (Elastic\/Dynamic behavior only)<br>&#8211; ALL ICP\/IEPE transducers<\/td><td>Suitable for the following sensors:<br>&#8211; Thermocouples<br>&#8211; DC Accelerometer<br>&#8211; Strain Gauges<br><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Start coupling with:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.seeedstudio.com\/DSO-Nano-v3.html?utm_source=blog&amp;utm_medium=blog\">DSO Nano V3: A portable DC coupling capable oscilloscope for voltage measurements <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.seeedstudio.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/DSO-Nano-V3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-25508\" width=\"265\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.seeedstudio.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/DSO-Nano-V3.jpg 530w, https:\/\/www.seeedstudio.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/DSO-Nano-V3-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 265px) 100vw, 265px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>The DSO Nano V3 is a simple-to-use and compact oscilloscope that meets the basic demands of users ranging from school lab tests, electric engineering, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color\" style=\"color:#111111\"><strong>Product Features:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Portable and lightweight<\/li><li>Color display<\/li><li>Waveform storage and playback<\/li><li>6 triggering modes<\/li><li>200Khz Analog Bandwidth<\/li><li>Complete measurement markers and signal characteristics<\/li><li>Built-in Signal Generator<\/li><li>Accessories available<\/li><li>Open Source<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Summary<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Choosing between using DC and AC comes down to the purpose and requirements of your project. DC is recommended for powering electronic devices due to the nature of batteries being powered by DC current. On the other hand, the ease with which AC voltages can be modulated is still unmatched. With that said, both currents are excellent in their area field and it solely comes down to the user application in picking the right one.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ever wondered what currents are running through your wires? This guide will walk you through<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2850,"featured_media":25595,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"iawp_total_views":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1762,692,1763,53,1766],"class_list":["post-25491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-ac","tag-alternating-current","tag-dc","tag-oscilloscope","tag-voltage"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Alternating Current (AC) vs Direct Current (DC), the guide for you - Latest News from Seeed Studio<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.seeedstudio.com\/blog\/2019\/10\/23\/alternating-current-ac-vs-direct-current-dc-the-guide-for-you\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Alternating Current (AC) vs Direct Current (DC), the guide for you - Latest News from Seeed Studio\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ever wondered what currents are running through your wires? 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